Does God Exist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Does God Exist - Essay Example However, many philosophers came up with their own proofs for the existence of God, some of which are outlined in this paper. Rene Descartes holds a special place in the history of philosophy since he is known as the father of modern philosophy. His own proof for the existence of God is given when he starts doubting everything including his own existence. However, since he is aware of his existence, he knows he actually exists which gives us the axiom â€Å"I think therefore I am†. He then gives further proofs for the existence of his senses and uses that to show that a benevolent God must be present which allows him to have faith in the reality around him (Wikipedia, 2006). In effect, the proof given by Descartes stems from the fact that his ability of reasoning means that a God must exist (Jones, 2003). In relation to Descartes, Immanuel Kant took a slightly different approach to come to his own rationale for the existence of God. Since his philosophy was focused on the moral principles of life, he uses that to show the necessity of God. His argument is that morality is a rational system which can only exist with a moral order within the world. This moral order can only be created and conceived if there is a God present to guide us therefore, the presence of God is necessary for us (Byrne, 2004). Kant also gave an additional proof for the existence of God based on his philosophy of morality by saying that it is rational as well as morally important for us to attain happiness which comes from being virtuous and whatever we ought to attain should be possible. However, attaining this happiness would only be possible if a natural order was maintained and that can only be maintained if God is responsible for it (Byrne, 2004). It is clear that both the arguments presented form their basis on a person agreeing with Kant’s own philosophy of ethics

High result Essay Example for Free

High result Essay First of all, I prepare my working place and start my determination. All my measurements are recorded to the table above.  The smallest graduation of the thermometer is 1 C. According to this, I take the absolute uncertainty of my temperature measurements as. I do not add additional uncertainty as I did not encounter any further difficulties in weight measurement.  To determine masses I used a digital scale with provided uncertainty in the instruction of the digital scale of 0.2g. Therefore, I take it as the absolute uncertainty of the mass measurements. I take the temperature of ice as C because the ice was melting when I started to use it in my experiment. I take this temperature theoretically and do not include uncertainty to this measurement as it is in theoretical level.  After having determined the raw data, I fill it into the table.  Further I provide constants that will be used during my determination. These are taken from Giancoli Physics 5th edition, page 421:  cwater = 4186 J*(kg*C)-1  caliuminium = 900 J*(kg*C)-1  Data processing:  Ã‚  Now I will provide the mass of the water. To do this I will subtract the mass of the calorimeter from the mass of calorimeter and water together:  mwater = (163.3 0.2) (35.0 0.2) = (128.3 0.4) g  Now I can compare my result with literatures. In Giancoli Physics 5th edition page 425 it is provided that the latent heat of fusion of ice to 3.33 x 105 J*kg-1. Therefore, the percentage discrepancy is equal to 17%. Also, the theoretical percentage uncertainty is equal to 11%. I will discuss these finding in conclusion and evaluation part. Conclusion and evaluation:  The percentage discrepancy of 17% shows that the determination was done quite precisely. Moreover, the percentage uncertainty of 11% suggests that the determination was done quite accurately as well. However, these are only theoretical assumptions as much energy and heat was transferred to air during the water cooling process. Further, I have to state more weaknesses and limitations of my determination. Some errors were encountered despite the fact that I tried to be as accurate as possible. First of all, the main weakness of the determination was that all the determination was done theoretically and I could not measure how much heat was transferred to air during the water cooling process. I was not able to measure the heat loss. Moreover, I took the ice temperature theoretically as I also could not measure it. These were clearly the weakest parts of all determination. Of course, the results are good enough, as the percentage discrepancy shows, but still it was only a theoretical determination based on the assumption that Qlost = Qgained. However, as for the percentage uncertainty I should blame only the instruments as I had to use quite many of them, but the uncertainty they provided was relatively small. My percentage uncertainty does not include the uncertainty of theoretical assumptions. Furthermore, some systematic errors have occurred as I had to do a lot of calculations and roundings during the data processing part. Also, the instruments may have been badly calibrated and this could have affected my determination. However, systematic errors are not important because even if they even were encountered, they were very small. Another thing is with random errors and heat loss as they were really significant because the percentage uncertainty shows relevantly high result. I could provide several suggestions to improve the determination but obviously I am not able to make this determination not theoretically in schools conditions. First of all, I would rather use more ice, bigger calorimeter and more water. Then, as I would still use the same equipment with same absolute uncertainties, the percentage uncertainty would be reduced significantly. The uncertainty would be less important and more accurate results would come. However, my suggestions would only lesser the uncertainties, but they would not totally cancel them and it would still be only a theoretical determination.

Rumors Essay -- essays research papers

Neil Simon's farce, Rumors, gives readers an in-depth look at the lives of ten wealthy individuals attending a dinner party. In an attempt to stay within the social crown, the characters start unsubstantiated rumors about their friends in an attempt to make themselves look better. The hosts of the party, Ken Gorman, and his wife Chris must cover up the fact that a friend of theirs, Charley Brock, has been shot in the ear lobe. They do not know how he got shot, but they decide that he must have tried to commit suicide, and thereby proceed to spread rumors about what they have heard in an attempt to avoid a possible attempted suicide scandal. They first lie to Charley's personal doctor, they lie about what happened to all of the servants, and they finally about a second gunshot heard in the house. When the Gormans first encounter Charley in his bedroom, they immediately call his personal doctor at the theater to tell him that Charley feels just fine. Chris relates the story to the doctor when she says, "Dr. Dudley, I'm afraid there's been an accident... Well, we just arrived here at Charley's house about ten minutes ago, and as we were getting out of our car, we suddenly heard this enormous... thud... It seemed Charley had tripped going up the stairs... no, wait, down the stairs. Down the stairs. But he's all right," (13). Finally, Chris manages to explain to the doctor that Charley had not really hurt himself in the first place and that she felt sorry to have bo...

Teenage Abortions

Charlene Mays Professor H. English 1C 23 March 2010 Risk in Teenage Abortions Teenagers should not be allowed to have abortions. There are too many risk; abortions can cause young women infertility, meaning they will not be able to have kids. Young women young women have to deal with extreme fetal pain during an abortion process; there is also the probability that some can die right there on the table and have drastic changes in there hormones. Studies have proven that abortions can lead to an increased chance of breast cancer, Pelvic Inflammatory disease, and the contraction of Viral Hepatitis due to excessive bleeding and complications. We as teenagers also need to learn to grow up and take care of our responsibities Teen abortions is legal in almost every state, although some require parental or guardian permission. Abortion is the prevention of an innocent life, which is allowed without permission in over 20 states. I feel that teenage abortions should be banned from all stats even the ones with parent permission because sometimes a parent can force a child to have an abortion. Many women do not see a problem with abortion because according to them, a fetus is just cells. A fetus is more than just cells, it is a human being. Eighteen days after conception, doctors have detected the unborn child’s beating heart. Forty-five days after conception, brain waves have been detected. By three months, all body systems are present and functioning. All of these things occur in the first trimester and ninety-five percent of abortions are performed during the first trimester. What would you do if you accidentally got a young female pregnant, would you handle your responsibilities, or would you take the easy way out and get the abortion? Each and everyday teenagers all over the world are making the decision of taking the easy way out. Now days the way to bail out of having a child is to get an abortion. then you’ll never have to worry about diapers, and milk. When you handle your responsibilities you get the enjoyment of raising you own and being there for a younger one that will look up to you for the rest of there life. As a teenagers having an abortion can impact your life forever whether you decide to abort or give birth. Most teenagers find them selves in a hard position when a child is on its way of being born. eenagers begin to panic and think of all the things that they will miss out on in life, because of a child being born. Your friends and peers around you will either support you or start to dislike you in terms of your decision to get rid of a living fetus. Once any teenager its not like it can be undone the baby is already dead. All teenagers should take there time and really think about it before they go and get this process done. Abortions can cause young girls to have infertility in there futures. Whether you choose to keep your baby, put the baby up for adoption or have an abortion, hormones run crazy when you are pregnant. As you feel the life inside you start to grow, you become attached to it, or perhaps even angry with this new life. Sometimes teens even try to kill themselves because they don’t want to go though the abortion process. Some parents force teenagers to get abortions so that it doesn’t look bad on them and ruin their daughters lives. Responsibility is a big thing in raising a child without responsibility you find your self wanting to take the unborn life away. The issue of abortion has divided the country. However, there is an issue that we can all come to agree and that is a genuine reluctance of our society to take responsibility. The truth is that the majority of abortions do not occur because of the raping of a woman, incest, or potential loss of the mother's life. So why do they occur so often? They occur because people realize that they do not want to have a child for a number of different reasons from an inability to afford one to the potential change it causes to the female body. Nonetheless, the decision is not made because of the fear of the mother losing her life or any of the predominant explanations for the occurrence of abortions. At the root of the occurrence of so many abortions is the inability of individuals in society to take responsibility for their actions. Bearing children is the natural result of sexual intercourse under favorable conditions, it is not forced upon women by the United States government. I am forced to wonder: If a woman has a history of bad decisions which cause her an unwanted pregnancy, why should our society trust her to take the welfare of the child into account and trust her not make the abortion decision? Still, though it is clear that women have made choices that put them in the position of being pregnant, it is worthwhile to repeat a few reasons why abortion is an abhorrent murder of a baby. When a teenager gets pregnant there young bodies open up to a lot of diseases. They can contract Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, and the contraction of Viral Hepatitis due to excessive bleeding and complications. There is a possibility that teenagers can die on the table or to have drastic fetal pain. During the abortion process teenagers will feel excessive cramping as the excess blood discharges from the body. Teenagers may also contract Bacterial vaginosis which is one of the most common vaginal infections that occur in women today in the United States. Also a teenager can mess up her body by getting abortion that she can have a handicapped newborn in later on wanted pregnancies. Abortion is associated with cervical and uterine damage which may increase the risk of premature delivery, complications of labor and abnormal development of the placenta in later pregnancies. Complications are the leading causes of handicaps among newborns. Compared to women who abort teenagers who abort are two to four times more like to commit suicide. Teens are more likely to have psychological and relationship problems. Studies have shown that the major factors in pregnancy decision making among teens are the attitude of the teens parents, the baby’s father, and friends; the personality of the girl herself. A young girls mind can be messed up, this physical effect may cause her to feel an emotional emptiness she have never felt before. Less frequent side effects include possible heavy or prolong bleeding, blood clots, damage to the cervix and the uterus. Infection due to retain products of conception or infection caused by an STD or bacteria being introduced to the uterus can cause fever, pain. Abdominal tenderness and possibly scared tissue. All extreme things that you can die from. Teen abortion kills an innocent life. You exist because your mother chose to give birth to you. Personally I believe abortion is wrong and is definitely not a decision a teenager should have to make at all. Abortions should be band from society because we all need to grow up and take care of our responsibilities. Yea you might get pregnant, and you might not be ready but that doesn’t give you the right to kill an innocent life. Just think God has sent you down a soon to be beautiful baby, there are a lot of people that are unfortunate and have to adopt. Whether it is physical harm to the body or the religious point of view, there are two many risk with abortions in general.

What Can African Americans Do to Become More Marketable?

What can African Americans do to become more marketable in this economy? The average African Americans have by far been significantly unmarketable in comparison to their Average Caucasian counterparts. However, it should be mentioned that there are some African Americans who are also very marketable in our society. These few successful and marketable African Americans know and apply key principles in marketing themselves. This is the difference that separates the unmarketable and marketable African American.However, there are ways for the unmarketable African Americans to become more marketable in the global economy. In this essay, I will only be discussing seven of those major ways. African Americans can become more marketable if they: develop a highly impressive resume; prepare to participate in the global economy; become technologically savvy; are flexible in job expectations; improve on interview skills; network wisely; and improve on his or her interview skills.The first thing t hat African Americans who want to become more marketable should do is attend college or university and study a challenging major. This is because it is important to have at least a Bachelors degree in order to get a meaningful job that will bring any kind of success to ones life. After attending University; one should develop a highly impressive resume. An impressive resume that documents evidence of academic excellence, demonstrated leadership, well developed social skills, and personal initiative will definitely get the attention of corporate recruiters and hiring managers.It is also important to participate in the global economy. One can do this by becoming familiar with another language. Becoming familiar with at least one of the major languages that are involved in international commerce such as: Japanese, Spanish, or Chinese; is enough to put one head and shoulders above his or her peers. One should also try to become more technologically savvy because the advancements in Info rmation Technology affect almost every academic and occupational profession.In order to become more technologically savvy, one should try to take a few computer or internet-related courses and also read professional journals in his or her field that has a technological slant. African Americans should also try not to limit him or herself by having predetermined notions about the size of the company that they want to work for or their exact job title or starting salary.This is because in doing so employers may not be very welcoming. To be as marketable as possible an African American should indicate to prospective employers that they are flexible to employment and career advancement. In order to be marketable African Americans should also improve on interviewing skills. This can be done by reading books and articles on interviewing and also by attending career placement office tutorials and work shops on interviewing.Another way to work on interviewing skills is to role play with some one and have them videotape the session. It is also of utmost importance for African Americans who want to become more marketable network wisely and mentor with someone successful in his or her career field. Professional networking can afford an individual to meet successful professionals in his or her field that can alert him or her to what’s available in the hidden job market of which he or she may not have otherwise known about.Networking is also important because the more people who know about ones career interest and can speak favorably of him or her, the more desirable he or she will be to other prospective employers. African Americans should mentor with someone successful in his or her field, this is because it is career enhancing to mentor with someone who has achieved distinction in the African American’s academic/occupational field and is willing to offer career guidance and support. A well connected mentor can sponsor his or her membership in one or more pre stigious organizations.Listing these associations on ones resume can enhance his or her written credentials and give him or her a bit of a competitive edge in job hunting. In conclusion, the average African American can become more marketable if he or she is willing to learn and practice the ways that the marketable use to become more marketable. These ways/principles are quite easy to follow and anyone can implement them. However, one needs to be dedicated, ambitious, and hard-working in his or her endeavors.

The Benefits of Taxes

The Benefits of Taxes Free Online Research Papers People often say taxes are evil and the government wastes all the money it takes from them, but is this true? Many tend to ponder why is it that even when they are giving such a large sum of money to the government, the public services such as education and health care are still so tight. Whether it is the education system, arts, sports or public services, everyone can see the impact of a tighter budget. With so much money annually taxed, people should all be having luxurious benefits, but the situation cannot be any further from reality. This makes one ask: is the government doing a negative thing to tax the people annually? Where will the government get the money to provide public services if not from its citizens? After all the services provided are benefited by everyone. People have always been talking about tax in a really negative way, yet everyone is receiving the benefits that their tax money are gone to. Many often do not take time to think how much money it takes to run a government serving 300 million people. For this reason alone, Im am compelled to argue for the issue of why tax should be seen in a more positive light. It is not as if the government takes the tax money, stores it in their bank, and not use a penny of it. Contrary to the widespread popularity of the idea that taxes are immoral, there are not enough people who think about what the government actually uses tax for the public facilities, such as roads, defense, health programs, and education. The first of the major, but smallest amount, funding spent by the government would be for road maintenance and bridge building. If one has felt the frustration of getting stuck in traffic then he or she will know that their tax is well spent to build new roads. An estimate 4.1% of a states budget is spent on roads every year; this doesn’t include the building of bridges (Jackson). The benefits of bridges are to divert traffic to flow more smoothly, cut down on travel time, and, in many cases, are necessities to cross territories that are otherwise impossible without a bridge. After a bridge is erected, many awe at the spectacle of how such heavy slabs of stone are risen to such heights into the sky. Building bridges are extremely expensive. In 2007 Georgia alone spent $931 million on bridges (Jackson). The safety of a county depends on how much tax the households members in the district contribute to the government. It is no coincident that counties that pay more tax are safer. Policemen, who perform their duty of defending their community, are paid by the government. Although policemen are brave men and women who fight for justice, policemen also have a family to feed; they will not work for nothing. Sadly with all the hard work they do, they still have to use money just like other citizens. This means they need to earn money from their job. In Georgia the defense force alone uses $1.8 billion, which means another enormous chunk of the tax payers’ money is consumed (Betters). To be protected might be every citizens right, but nothing in this world is free . The next major issue regarding tax complaints is health care. For anyone who has gotten sick and went to the doctors can sympathize with how devastating being ill is like. Health care is a critical problem in every nation; it is no wonder the government spends over $600 billion on it. The $600 billion spent on health care every year is 34.9% of the federal budget (Williams). With the United States of American government spending over $600 billion on health care in fiscal 2008, Medicare claims $390 billion, and Medicaid claims a estimate of $210 billion. With an aging population of elderly from the baby boom, health care has become a critical necessity. The government sponsored benefits for U.S. adults from ages 65 and older increased to $27,289 per person in 2007; this is a gigantic 24% increase since 2000. Health care has inflated faster than any other programs, but the worst has yet to come. It is predicted that over the next decade, the estimated health care cost will not only i ncrease but double (â€Å"Cost of Governmentâ€Å"). The Government is using the taxes now more than ever to solve the problem from the help of its fellow citizens. Education is the last and the most expensive government program that will be introduced. Many parents do not recall pulling money from their own pockets to support their child’s tuition. This is because Georgia alone uses $10.6 billion every year just to fund education. Statistics have shown the graduation rate of American high school students is a astonishing 80% (Henry). This means that more than 3 out of 4 American children born are able to graduate high school. On the national level, a total of more than $700 billion and a staggering 56.8% of all government spending is used on education. To fund a child from kindergarten to their end of high school, the government needs to spend an estimated $100,000 (Lips). Many debate over the issue of how taxes are used have been argued, but there are hard evidence of what most of the taxes are spent on. The majority of the taxes collected by the government is spent of roads, defense, health care and education; therefore, without taxing, these services will not be possible. It is important for people to realize that a big portion of their hard earned money is indeed taken for a time being, but the benefits are affecting every single American citizen’s life. Taxes are necessities to run a community, a state, and definitely a nation. Everyone contributes to the success of a nation; and how successful a nation is can be reflected in the individuals residing in it. In this tough economy, everyone needs to ban together to pull through and come out of the recession in the best shape possible. Research Papers on The Benefits of TaxesThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationTwilight of the UAWNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceQuebec and CanadaComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoPETSTEL analysis of India19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesCapital Punishment

Free Essays on Dubois

In Du Bois’s The Souls of Black Folk he addresses what it is like to be an African American living in the turn of the twentieth century. Du Bois isn’t like any ordinary black man though. He fortunately has been very well educated. This is rare during this time period. He discusses what its like to be black and how race will have effect on society in the future. I think that Du Bois is a sociological figure. He brings up ideas from an African American view. Not many sociologists, if there are even any, have done this before. Race had a huge impact on life during this time. Many blacks didn’t have the opportunity that Du Bois was given. Most didn’t even get to go to college, or even get through high school. Du Bois saw the fact that blacks had it hard, and this is what he discussed in his book, The Souls of Black Folk. When Weber discusses legitimate authority, he discusses how domination, or legitimate domination is one type of authority. This does not always mean in a rational sense. After reading Du Bois, I feel that he believed that the southern authority was not legitimate during this time period. The southern African Americans didn’t agree to the Southern authority of the time period. I don’t think that the black citizens of the south didn’t really accept and obey the rules. I believe that Du Bois mostly believes in traditional type of social action. Where the traditional rights of the dominant group are accepted or not challenged. The blacks although they didn’t accept the rules for the most part, they didn’t really challenge them. When looking at his writings, it is easy to see the traditional action in them. He discusses how it feels to be a problem. â€Å"A people thus handicapped†¦ sweating black man is darkened by the shadow of a vast despair.† (Du Bois, Kimmel p. 386) I believe what Du Bois meant by this quote is that while the white man is out doing whatever it is that he does, the black man is ou... Free Essays on Dubois Free Essays on Dubois In Du Bois’s The Souls of Black Folk he addresses what it is like to be an African American living in the turn of the twentieth century. Du Bois isn’t like any ordinary black man though. He fortunately has been very well educated. This is rare during this time period. He discusses what its like to be black and how race will have effect on society in the future. I think that Du Bois is a sociological figure. He brings up ideas from an African American view. Not many sociologists, if there are even any, have done this before. Race had a huge impact on life during this time. Many blacks didn’t have the opportunity that Du Bois was given. Most didn’t even get to go to college, or even get through high school. Du Bois saw the fact that blacks had it hard, and this is what he discussed in his book, The Souls of Black Folk. When Weber discusses legitimate authority, he discusses how domination, or legitimate domination is one type of authority. This does not always mean in a rational sense. After reading Du Bois, I feel that he believed that the southern authority was not legitimate during this time period. The southern African Americans didn’t agree to the Southern authority of the time period. I don’t think that the black citizens of the south didn’t really accept and obey the rules. I believe that Du Bois mostly believes in traditional type of social action. Where the traditional rights of the dominant group are accepted or not challenged. The blacks although they didn’t accept the rules for the most part, they didn’t really challenge them. When looking at his writings, it is easy to see the traditional action in them. He discusses how it feels to be a problem. â€Å"A people thus handicapped†¦ sweating black man is darkened by the shadow of a vast despair.† (Du Bois, Kimmel p. 386) I believe what Du Bois meant by this quote is that while the white man is out doing whatever it is that he does, the black man is ou...

How to Win the Gates Scholarship

How to Win the Gates Scholarship SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The Gates Scholarship is a program with a huge impact. Launched in 2017, the program's mission is to give opportunities to outstanding minority students to reach their highest potential. In this guide, I'll go through all the details of the scholarship and the application protocols. After that, I'll give you expert tips and strategies for putting together the strongest Gates Scholarship application possible. Read on to learn more! Note:TheGates Scholarship was established in 2017 as a replacement for the Gates Millennium Scholars Program, which reached its goal of 20,000 scholars in 2016. What Is the Gates Scholarship? The primary mission of the Gates Scholarship is toincrease the number of underrepresented minorities in all majors. By offering outstanding scholars better educational opportunities, the program aims todevelop a diversified group of future leaders for America. Each year, 300student leaders are selected for the Gates Scholarship, with each winner receiving funding for the full Cost of Attendance to an accredited four-year US university or college. Compared with other impressive corporate scholarships, the Gates Scholarship is especially comprehensive and generous. In addition to funding, it offers a widestructure of support, guidance, and mentoring. Overall, the Gates Scholarship provides the following: Renewable educational funding:The scholarshipcovers any unmet need and self-help aid (in other words, instead of having to take out loans and do a work-study job, the scholarship would cover those Cost of Attendance expenses) for up to five years. Online support services: Services offered to scholarshipwinnersinclude academic support, mentoring, professional advice and guidance, and help with financial literacy. The total amount of aid you're eligible to get will depend onyour amount of unmet need. Unmet need is the difference between your school's Cost of Attendance (room, board, tuition, fees, books, and personal expenses) and the amount you’ve received in grants and/or scholarships. The larger your unmet need is, the larger your scholarship award will be. Your total amount of aid will also depend on how long you’re able to renew the scholarship. As long as you meet renewal qualifications every year, youcan continue to receive funds for up to five years for a bachelor's degree program. Are You Eligible for the Gates Scholarship? To be considered for the Gates Scholarship, you must meet allthe following criteria: Be a high school senior Be African-American, American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian American/Pacific Islander, and/or Hispanic American Be a US citizen, legal permanent resident, or national Have a cumulative 3.3 GPA on an unweighted 4.0 scale Meet federal Pell Grant eligibility criteria (this means that you must demonstrate significant financial need- check out our Pell Grant eligibility guide to learn more) Plan to enroll full-time in a four-year (bachelor's) degree program at an accredited, not-for-profit US college or university Ideal applicants will also have the following traits, per the Gates Scholarship website: An ideal candidate will demonstrate: Outstanding academic performance (Students in the top 10% of his/her graduatingclass) Leadership ability (e.g., as shown through participation in community service, extracurricular, or other activities) Exceptional personal success skills (e.g., emotional maturity, motivation, perseverance, etc.) If you meet all the above eligibility criteria, you're on the right track to getting a Gates Scholarship. What Do You Need to Apply for the Gates Scholarship? Before you get to work on your Gates Scholarship application, you'll need to gather some important information. From your guidance counselor, you'll need to get the following: Your full academic record Your cumulative GPA Your class rank Your Enrollment Verification From the college/university you plan to attend, you'll need the following: Your college acceptance letter (again, this must be a four-year, accredited, not-for-profit US college or university) Your Financial Aid Award letter You'll also need some family financial information, including the following: Your status as either a dependent or independent student Your personal gross annual income from the past year Next, you'll need to prepare names, dates, and descriptions of participation for the following: A list of your leadership roles and experiences A list of community service experiences A list of employment experiences Finally, you'll need to have your SAT/ACT scores handy. All applicants mustmake aMyTGS Profileand apply through their online account. Note thatthe Gates Scholarship application processconsists of two phases, with each phase having its own application and selection process. The Phase 1 application consists of a questionnaire- that's it! If you get to Phase 2, you'll need to submit another application that's a bit denser and will take more time; this one includes another questionnaire, essays, updated transcripts, and letters of recommendation. What Is the Gates Scholarship Application Timeline? This year, the Gates Scholarship application opened on July 15, 2018; the deadline for submission was September 18, 2018. Selections will be made in April 2019, with awards given out from July to September. Below is the annual timeline for the Gates Scholarship: Phase 1 July: Phase 1 application opens September:Phase 1 application deadline December: Semi-finalists announced Phase 2 December: Phase 2 application opens January:Phase 2 application deadline March:Finalists announced; interviews for finalists April: New class of scholars announced Fall: Scholarships disbursed to winners Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. It's time to get tactical. Strategies: How to Increase Your Odds of Winning the Gates Scholarship Every year 300 scholarships are awarded through this program, but that doesn’t mean the Gates Scholarship isn’t competitive. If you want a chance at winning this prestigious scholarship, you’ll have to dedicate yourself 100% to the application process. Winners come from all over the country, with many scholarship recipients ending up at prestigious colleges. The strategies I'll present here won't just help you strengthen your application for the Gates Scholarship but willalso help you more generally with your college applications. The best candidates for the Gates Scholarship will be motivated, high-achieving students with strong resumes, transcripts, and test scores- basically, the students who prepare themselves well for college. As you might expect, the best way to effectively implement the strategies below will be to start the scholarship application process as early as possible. We've divided the strategies into two sections depending on where you're at in school and the application process. Scenario 1: You're in Your Early Years of High School If you're still just a freshman or sophomore and want to get a head start on looking good for the Gates Scholarship, here are four important tips to keep in mind. #1: Demonstrate Academic Excellence Competition for the Gates scholarship is stiff. In order to be a strong applicant, you should strive for more than the minimum GPA (3.3).Be sure to take advanced, honors, and AP classes when available, and actively seek out extra help from your teachers in any weaker subjects. Take those opportunities to develop strong relationships with teachers, tutors, and/or mentors. #2: Cultivate Leadership Skills Many scholarships, including the Gates Scholarship, want to invest in future leaders and innovative pioneers. One of the best ways to prove you have leadership potential is to actively develop your leadership skills as a student. Here are some ways you can do this: Actively participate in your classes. Volunteer to lead discussions or group projects. Help out other classmates who might be struggling with a particular problem or concept. Join clubs or extracurricular activities that ignite your passions and interests. Focus on quality over quantity; invest in fewer activities but stick with them. If the opportunity presents itself, move up to team captain or a club officer role. The more your instructors, coaches, and peers respect you, the easier it will be to assume a leadership role. #3: Commit to Community Service The Gates Scholarship isn't just for helping individuals achieve their own personal goals;it'salso for aiding in the betterment of whole communities. An ideal Gates Scholarship applicant will use opportunities they'll get through the scholarship to give back to their communities. You can demonstrate your commitment to service by choosing(and sticking with) a community service or volunteer position. Ideally, this should be something you participate in regularly, on a weekly or so basis. If you’re thoughtful about choosing where you volunteer and spend time doing something you’re passionate about, it’ll definitely pay off when you submit your scholarship application. #4: Develop Relationships With Educators and Mentors It's important to have wise people around you who can offer you trusted guidance and advice. It's also important to have good relationships with people who can serve as recommendation writers for any scholarships you apply to. If you have respect for a particular class or activity, your teacher or mentor will come to respect you- that’s Step 1. To work on further developing these relationships, you can do the following: Go to office hours to ask for extra help on tricky problems or concepts Actively participate in class, practice, or club meetings Go to your teachers, coaches, or mentors with questions that might be outside the scope of your regular curriculum; this demonstrates intellectual curiosity Scenario 2: You've Made It to Phase 2 of the Gates Scholarship The following three tips are for high school seniorswho've made it past the Phase 1 questionnaire and are ready to get started on the much heavier Phase 2 application for the Gates Scholarship. #1: Plan Ahead Recall that you'll need letters of recommendation for this part of the application. It’s important to give your recommendation writers as much time to write their letters as possible. And since you'll only have about a month after you move to Phase 2 before your application is due, it's imperative that youfind and secure a recommender as soon as you are told you're a semi-finalist. #2: Invest in Your Essays If the Gates Scholarship evaluators only cared about your grades and resume, they wouldn’t ask you to write essays. So how can you ensure that your essays are great? First off, make sure you’re answering every part of the essay prompt in your response.Most essay questions have multiple parts! You also want to elaborate- don’t just provide a list as a response or give a yes/no answer. The evaluators want to see that you’re thoughtful and have put time into your application. Another tip to keep in mind is to make your goals clear.Why do you want the Gates Scholarship? You don’t want to worry about paying for college, sure, but how will winning the scholarship affect your long-term and short-term academic and/or career goals? Most importantly, how will it enable you to be the person you want to be? You’ll get brownie points if your future goals include pursuing anunderrepresented field (i.e., computer science, education, engineering, library science, mathematics, public health, or science) or serving others in some capacity. The more thoughtful and clear you are in describing your goals in your essays, the more impressed the scholarship evaluators will be. You should also craft a narrative with your essays.Make sure that all your essays work together to tell a single unified, logical story. Before you start writing, come up with two to three points you want to get across about who you are. Maybe you want evaluators to know that you’re empathetic, hardworking, and interested in mental health. Or maybe you want them to know that you’re focused, ambitious, and passionate about social justice issues. The point is that all of your essays should ultimately serve to elucidate these points. On that same note, don't be afraid to brag (to an extent). You're allowed to bring up any honors, awards, accolades, promotions, or fancy titles you've received. You earned them- talk about them! It’s helpful to make a comprehensive of all these things before you start writing your essays so that you don’t forget anything important. That said, you should also be humble in your essays.Very few people can attribute their success solely to their own hard work. Did your family, friends, teachers, coaches, and/or mentors support you or offer guidance? Don’t be afraid to partially attribute your accomplishments to them, as well as to your own efforts. Evaluators won’t see this as a weakness but as insightful self-awareness. Finally, remember to stay positive. Be honest about anystruggles you've had but maintain a matter-of-fact tone. It's a smart idea to express optimism and a positive viewpoint about future outcomes and goals after you discuss any difficulties or disappointments. #3: Choose Your Recommenders Wisely Your recommenders will be expected to include detailed, glowing anecdotes and accounts of your personal relationships with others in addition to your academic and extracurricular performances. Therefore, it'd be ideal if you could ask someone who knows you in multiple contexts (e.g., a teacher who serves as a club head, coach, or personal mentor). This should also be an individual with whom you feel very comfortable. What's Next? One of the best ways to make yourself a strong Gates Scholarship applicant is to set your goals high by being a strong college applicant. Check out our expert guides to getting perfect SAT scores and ACT scores, and learn how to get into your top-choice colleges. Got more questions and Pell Grant eligibility since you have to meet these criteria in order to receive the Gates Scholarship?Read all about the Pell Grant and its eligibility criteria. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Unionization of employees Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Unionization of employees - Essay Example Industrial Revolution was one of the major turning points in human development. It is the process of change from an agrarian, handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacture. This revolution had a major impact on the society and the labor force. Initially, this revolution made people work in factories for long hours perhaps from 14 to 16 hours. As a result of which many of them including children were forced to work in this manner and was very hard for them.Industrial revolution began in England in the 18th century which involved technological changes such as the use of iron and steel, new energy sources, the invention of new machines that increased production in relatively less time. Many of them did not survive the hardship and died. Though Britain was where the Industrial Revolution began, it was also the place where reformations started. In 1932 when middle class males won the right to vote in Great Britain all the reformation started. Workers formed socie ties and in due course it was called trade unions also known as the unionization of employees began (Wikipedia, 2008). The aim of trade unions was to fight for better working conditions and better pay as a result changes were also brought to the working conditions such as 10 hour work days, child labour laws and required school. Therefore, a trade union is an organization which was formed to promote and protect the interests of a collection of workers. Even today, unionization is helping employees and is fighting for there rights. This research paper aims to provide information on how unionization of employees has had an impact on various aspects. The status of unionization of employees varies for country to country or state to state. While in some countries trade unions possess substantial freedom, from the right to Freedom of Association, to public demonstrations and active protest against political opponents such as strikes, in other countries it is totally opposite and are actively suppressed by political or military rules, with little or no freedoms. Additionally, in these countries the prospect of violence or even death is high. Like it or not unionization of employees are political in nature, and often attract both positive and negative consequences. Over the last few decades, trade unions have developed into a number of forms propagandize by differing political and economic regimes. Trade unions in the early days, such as the Friendly Societies, often offered a number of benefits to insure members against unemployment, ill health, old age and funeral expenses. Similarly, in many industrialized countries, these functions have been taken up by the state. In addition, the provision of professional training, legal advice, and representation for members still remain among the main benefits of trade union membership. The second and one of the most important aims of unionization of employees is that they are able to operate openly, are legal bodies and are recognised by employers, they may negotiate with employers over wages and working conditions. If the demands are not met, employees union may organize strikes or resistance to lockouts if their particular goals are not agreed by the authorities. They may also go to the extent of camp aigning, undertake lobbying, or financially support individual candidates or parties for public office who will help to fulfil their demands (Wikipedia, 2008). There are several researchers who have devoted several years working on the effects of unionization of employees. Brown and Medoff (1978) are the pioneers who worked on this issue. Following the pioneering work and inspired by the controversial work of Freeman and Medoff (1984), a number of empirical studies have studied the impact of union on productivity particularly in UK and the USA. Although a number of authors have estimated positive union productivity differentials, there is a common agreement in the literature about unionism

Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Report - Assignment Example The four year court battle resulted into a hefty $1.5bn dollar penalty to the affected regulators in the US, UK and Switzerland. It is against this backdrop of failures by such financial institutions entrusted with this critical role that this report is compiled. The scope of this report is to try and quantify the effect of risk attitude on company performance indicators and the impact this may have on their perceived change of attitude (Shotter, 2012). To achieve this goal, Chief executive officers (CEOs) of large financial institutions in the City of London were asked to fill in a questionnaire aimed at assessing their attitude towards risks. The so called large financial institutions were those listed in The Financial Times as so, based on the size of their workforce. Data Primary data was collected from 100 CEOs where their responses on the questionnaire were scored out of 30 -one being the most conservative towards risks and 30 being the highest risk assessment. Baseline informa tion provided the secondary data for the same set of financial institutions, gathered from two articles published in 2007 and in 2009 that had measured the risks in these same institutions. Data on three additional variables was also collected in order to assess the volatility in performance of the companies. Table 1 summarizes the variables of interest for this analysis. Table 1: Variables description Variable Description RISKATT_AFTER CEOs questionnaire score RISKATT_BEFORE Baseline data from publications MAX_SHARE The maximum share price of the company in the last 30 days MIN_SHARE The minimum share price of the company in the last 30 days SD_SHARE The standard deviation of the share prices of the company in the last 30 days Objectives With this information, we sought to answer the following objectives: 1) To assess the change of CEOs attitude towards risk before and after the UBS bank scandal 2) To quantify the correlation (if any) between the companies’ risk attitudes an d their volatility. Methodology In seeking to meet the above set objectives, statistical analysis tools were applied. In particular SPSS statistical software version 20 was used for the analysis. Moreover, the nature of the data was taken into account in choosing the methodology to use. For instance, for the first objective, we wished to assess the difference in risk assessment before and after the UBS bank scandal. The data was collected from the same companies hence forming dependent pairs. For this objective therefore, an appropriate test was the paired t-test. For the second objective, an extra variable coded as the SHARE_RANGE was derived by getting the range in the company’s share price for the past 30 days. This was to be used as a predictor for a regression model. Scatter plot matrices as well as Pearson’s correlation estimates were obtained as a guide to assessing the linear relation between the variables of interest and where appropriate, linear regression mo dels were fit and the necessary diagnostics performed. Results Results of performing a paired t-test on the companies’ score on risk assessment before and after the UBS bank scandal are summarized in the following section. To begin with, a

Arabic Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Arabic Culture - Essay Example The cultural identities of individuals are strong elements that considerably influence their ideologies and general mode of behaviour. The cultural paradigms of social structure become critical aspects of national identities and therefore important issue within state. Thus, media, especially the role of television in defining the cultures of Arab world and American society is important facet in the contemporary times. There is vast difference in the television programs of Arabs and America. While television is a popular media in the Arab world, the programs of the televisions are focused on the family lives and promote the Arab culture. They highlight obedience amongst children and emphasize the importance of religion within the society, showcasing family values and religious beliefs for leading a model life. The conservative values of Arab societies with parental control over children are vastly different to that of American television programs. American culture promotes individualism and highlights the independent views of the individuals. The American television programs also showcase the American liberal views vis-Ã  -vis personal views on all issues including sex, sports, fashion, religion etc. The liberal view of American society was not approved by the conservative muslin society of the Arab world. Hence, government control over foreign TV channels was applied in the Arab nations till a f ew years back. But in the recent times, the globalization has brought in new changes within the media and made foreign television channels like MTV popular amongst the youth in Arab. The American music channel in the Arab nations has introduced popular pop culture within the native music which has become instant hit with the young. Most importantly Arab television programs in the Middle Eastern societies are promoting democratic values and freedom of press. Al Jazeera is prime example of TV channel that brings forth critical issues of society and also that of

The Australian Tourism Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Australian Tourism Policy - Essay Example The first tourism policy in Australia was formulated. The policy was geared towards addressing issues of mismanaged tourism attraction sites, destinations, and resources. The policies that followed throughout the years until 2003, had notable words like development which could be broken down into development, sustain which could be fragmented into sustainable and sustainability. These issues were vividly explained and strategic plans were written down on how the issues of mismanagement and development of tourist attraction sites and destinations were not sustaining the ever rising demand for tourist satisfaction. In general, as described by Lin & Suzanne (2009) ‘the policies aim at improving international marketing strategies and effectiveness through a greater focus on regional dispersal and by refreshing and enhancing’. The recent policies as recorded by Grace (2007), ‘concentrate on the improvement of the existing attractions sites in order to match the internat ional tourism expectation’. The policies would aim at making Australia a world-class tourism destination. The policies would also be geared towards the development of tourism destinations that would that would fully meet the tourists’ demand for better infrastructure so as to increase the national revenue acquired from the tourism industry. The policies noted the tourism industry was suffering from a shortage of world-class service for the tourist hence the policy also included the strategies to combat this anomaly.... The recent policies as recorded by Grace (2007), ‘concentrate on the improvement of the existing attractions sites in order to match the international tourism expectation’. Furthermore, the policies would aim at making Australia a world class tourism destination. The policies would also be geared towards the development of tourism destinations that would that would fully meet the tourists’ demand for better infrastructure so as to increase the national revenue acquired from the tourism industry (Katrina & Andrew, 2000). The policies noted the tourism industry was suffering from a shortage of world class service for the tourist hence the policy also included the strategies to combat this anomaly. Inclusion of public education and educational programs on how to deal with different kinds of people from different languages regions was one of the major boosts to the tourism industry in Australia. Further report by Philip (1994), ‘By addressing the major policy ch allenges in the medium to long term, the strategy will provide a framework that will assist the Australian tourism industry, in partnership with government, to achieve specific outcomes that enable it to achieve international competitiveness, and economic, social and environmental sustainability’. This would be done by first coordinating the three levels of government. That is, the federal government which would aim to create an optimum policy environment for tourism development, particularly in respect to the international marketing of Australia, product quality and development, industry sustainability and profitability, air services arrangements, tourism infrastructure, visitor visa

INDIVIDUAL FASHION MARKETING PLAN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

INDIVIDUAL FASHION MARKETING PLAN - Essay Example ‘Valentino For All’, the planned brand extension based on diffusion strategy will endeavour to sell luxury products especially female related garments to young consumer segment i.e. teenage girls. The brand extension strategy would make use of social app to communicate with the target consumers and to create greater awareness. The target retail outlets featuring greater share of Valentino brand will enable the company to make its presence within the target masses. Besides, the brand extension will enable Valentino to make its presence more prominent in the competitive market. The prime intention of this report will be towards performing the deep evaluation of a luxury fashionable brand named as ‘Valentino SpA’. This brand has been into fashion business since long and is basically of Italian origin. Since being an Italian fashion brand, all its apparel and fashion products reflect the styling trend and the traditional craftsmanship of Italy. A majority of the products manufactured by this brand belongs to a niche section and are high priced as well (Valentino SpA, 2014). The brand was established by Valentino Garavani in 1960 in Rome, Italy. Since then, the brand has been considerably successful in gaining significant amount of preferences from both male and female customers who like the precision and the styling factor associated with assorted offerings such as clothing, footwear, perfumes, glasses, accessories along with watches. The brand adds a combination of certain important factors which contribute to its success factor. It is a popular brand due to ensuring the offering of a diversified portfolio of products for men and women encompassing clothing, footwear as well as accessories (Valentino SpA, 2014).In the current scenario, the brand has attained significant amount of development under the effective supervision of their Creative Directors Maria Grazia Chiuri and Pierpaolo Piccioli. These creative

The Australian Tourism Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Australian Tourism Policy - Essay Example The first tourism policy in Australia was formulated. The policy was geared towards addressing issues of mismanaged tourism attraction sites, destinations, and resources. The policies that followed throughout the years until 2003, had notable words like development which could be broken down into development, sustain which could be fragmented into sustainable and sustainability. These issues were vividly explained and strategic plans were written down on how the issues of mismanagement and development of tourist attraction sites and destinations were not sustaining the ever rising demand for tourist satisfaction. In general, as described by Lin & Suzanne (2009) ‘the policies aim at improving international marketing strategies and effectiveness through a greater focus on regional dispersal and by refreshing and enhancing’. The recent policies as recorded by Grace (2007), ‘concentrate on the improvement of the existing attractions sites in order to match the internat ional tourism expectation’. The policies would aim at making Australia a world-class tourism destination. The policies would also be geared towards the development of tourism destinations that would that would fully meet the tourists’ demand for better infrastructure so as to increase the national revenue acquired from the tourism industry. The policies noted the tourism industry was suffering from a shortage of world-class service for the tourist hence the policy also included the strategies to combat this anomaly.... The recent policies as recorded by Grace (2007), ‘concentrate on the improvement of the existing attractions sites in order to match the international tourism expectation’. Furthermore, the policies would aim at making Australia a world class tourism destination. The policies would also be geared towards the development of tourism destinations that would that would fully meet the tourists’ demand for better infrastructure so as to increase the national revenue acquired from the tourism industry (Katrina & Andrew, 2000). The policies noted the tourism industry was suffering from a shortage of world class service for the tourist hence the policy also included the strategies to combat this anomaly. Inclusion of public education and educational programs on how to deal with different kinds of people from different languages regions was one of the major boosts to the tourism industry in Australia. Further report by Philip (1994), ‘By addressing the major policy ch allenges in the medium to long term, the strategy will provide a framework that will assist the Australian tourism industry, in partnership with government, to achieve specific outcomes that enable it to achieve international competitiveness, and economic, social and environmental sustainability’. This would be done by first coordinating the three levels of government. That is, the federal government which would aim to create an optimum policy environment for tourism development, particularly in respect to the international marketing of Australia, product quality and development, industry sustainability and profitability, air services arrangements, tourism infrastructure, visitor visa

Choose one of the subjects ( table of content is required) Term Paper

Choose one of the subjects ( table of content is required) - Term Paper Example Consumers tend to purchase more when the interest rates are low, and purchase less when the interest rates are high. This is because low interest rates increase the disposable income available to a consumer, and as such, has more income to spend on purchases, whilst high interest rates reduces the disposable income available to a customer, thereby he or she has less income to spend on purchases. As a natural rule of economics, a person tends to spend more when he or she has a higher amount of disposable income. However, if such a person has lower amount of disposable income, he or she will probably spend less. As such, interest rates primarily tend to affect the middle income and the low-income consumers within the economy who do not have a vast fortune to spend of purchases and luxuries. However, this does not rule out the fact that interest rates also affect the high-income earners within the economy only that its effect on their disposable income is dismal compared to consumers from the other two income brackets. The rich might only feel the effect of high interest rates while investing, especially when the cost of investment raises due to high interests rates. As for shopping and purchase, the rich will probably go for pricy high-end luxury goods and services as they attach price to quality, in the sense that the more expensive it is, the higher quality it is. As for th e other consumers, they tend to purchase within their limits in the sense that higher prices scare them away and reduce their spending and purchasing patterns, while lower prices increase their spending as it increases their purchasing power, As such, interest rates come into play in the sense that higher interest rates equally lead to a rise in common products and services consumed by middle level and lower level consumers. For instance, if a proprietor secures a loan for his or

Emo Culture Essay Example for Free

Emo Culture Essay Like the social and fashion trends of eras long gone, emo is not simply about the way you dress it is a lifestyle. It culminates in your clothing, shoes, hairstyle, attitude and most importantly musical selection. This section describes the emo lifestyle and attitudes. People do tend to adopt at least the attitudes of the music they listen to most even if they dont admit it. This is because a lot of people are not able to separate themselves from the ideas that are expressed. Music is different from other art-forms in that it penetrates the soul in a way something visual cannot. People seem to like to group together for some reason, its in our nature, and emo is just another group or sub-culture. People join it because they might agree with some, most or all of what the group is generally about. Being Emo is just another way that people are trying to express themselves, really the same as other street styles, just with a different soundtrack. In the end, each of the people who have chosen to follow the scene is their own person- they are just part of a scene that is tipped as being defiant and unacceptable- something most young people are drawn to. [To the Top!] What are Emos like? Firstly, labeling someone as an emo based on their hair style is a poor way to interpret personal expression, just as calling someone a goth based on their preference for black clothing. Whether or not a person listens to emo music, writes emo poetry, or adopts an alternative lifestyle is a personal decision that does not automatically have anything to do with the colour or cut of their hair. Emo styles are unique, individual looks that say a lot about the persons style, but the emotions behind them may never be understood by anyone else. When referring to a persons personality and attitude, most definitions of emo include a number of the following terms: sensitive, shy, quiet, sad, introverted, glum, self-pitying, mysterious and angst ridden. Depression and broken-heartedness are sometimes used to describe the emo personality. Emos feel society doesnt accept them, they are outcasts and nobody understands them! This is generalising and it is important to note those into the emo / scene culture can obviously also be the opposite of the personality traits listed above as with anyone. At its core, emo is all about being upfront with your emotions. Hot Topic even issued a patch that read, cheer up, emo kid! These personality traits are often identified by his/her music and fashion (generalising here). For example the emo band Hawthorne Heights contains multiple references to unrequited love, emotional and relationship problems. Many of these traits are present in most teenagers and not just emos! The courting of misery and death is a long-established teenage tradition. When death is a long way off, you can afford to be more morbid about it. In particular, Goths and Emos are a rebellion against sporty, manly cultures. Frailness, which conveys a sense of vulnerability has been associated with the male emos in particular, but from what I know this isnt particularly valid. Finally touching on the term scene that has become popular since the emo subculture kicked off. Scene kids I believe are more about the style and looking like an emo without the personality of it all. In other words, scene kids are the ones that dress emo, but only because its a trend or you could say Scene is Emo without the emotion. The term is subject to significant debate like emo though.

Digital Signal formatting

Digital Signal formatting Introduction: Digital Signal formatting is the process of transforming information from one format into another.. This is often used in many digital devices and for communication processes. A digital system is a data technology that uses discrete (discontinuous) values. By contrast, non-digital (or analog) systems use a continuous range of values to represent information. Although digital representations are discrete, the information represented can be either discrete, such as numbers, letters or icons, or continuous, such as sounds, images, and other measurements of continuous systems. Now we discuss about in the detail signal format in digital systems. Non-return-to-zero format: One of the simplest ways to transmit digital data is by having a separate clock and data line. In this approach, a clock signal of constant frequency is synchronised with its corresponding data. Depending upon the preference of the designer, the data is either latched on the rising or falling edge of the clock. For a given data signalling rate that is the bit rate, the NRZ code have requires only one half of the band-width required by the ing. When we used to show data in an asynchronous communication scheme, the absence of a neutral state requires other methods for data backup to replace method used for error detection when using synchronization data when a separate clk signal is available here. NRZ Level itself is not a synchronous system but besides encoding that can be used in either a synchronous or asynchronous transmission environment that is with or with out an external clock signal involved in it. Because of that it is not strictly important to discuss how the NRZ-Level encoding act as on a clock edge and during a clock cycle since all transitions happen in the given amount of time represents the actual implied integral clock cycle. The real question is that of sampling the high/low state be received correctly provided the transmission line has stabilizes for that bit when the physical line level is sampled at the receiving end. However may be it is handy to see NRZ transitions as happening on the trailing clock edge in order to compare NRZ-Level to other encode methods such the given Manchester coding which require clock edge information and to see the difference between the NRZ Mark and NRZ Inverted signals. Uni-polar Non-Return-to-Zero Level: One is represents by the one physical level Zero is represented by an other levels which is a + voltage level. In the clock language the 1 transitions and remain highest on the trailing clock edge of the previous bit and 0 transitions or remains low on the trailing clock edge of the previous bit, or may be just the opposite. This allows for long series without change, which makes synchronization difficult. There is only the solutions are to not send the bytes or data without uses of transitions. The fig show a line represents the physical zero under the biased logical zero shows the less usually case of 1 being a higher voltage level. Non Return-to-Zero Space: One is represents by no change in physical level.0 is represents by the change in physical stage. In clock language the level transitions on the trailing clock peak point of previous bit to represent 0. That change on zero is used by High Level Data Link and USB. They avoid long intervals of time of no transition whether there may be, when the data contains long sequence of 1 bit by using zero bit insertion. HDLC transmitters insert a zero bit after five contiguous one bits except when transmitting the frame. USB transmitters insert a zero bit after six continuously 1 bits. The receiver at the far end use the each transition both from zero bits in the data and these extra 0 bits for maintain clock synchronize. The receiver rather than ignore these non zero bits. Non-Return-to-Zero Inverted (NRZI) NRZI-transition occurs for a zero Non return to zero, inverted is technique of detect a binary to a analog signal for transmission over some transmitter medium. There are 2 level NRZI signal has a transition at a clock boundary if there is the bit being sent is a logical one and doesnt having a transition if the bit being transmit is a logical zero. 1 is represented by a transition of the physical level. 0 has no transition. Also the NRZI may be take the opposite convention in Universal Serial Bus signalling, when in the Mode one transition when signalling zero and steady level when signalling one. The transition occurs upon the leading edge of the clock for the given bit. This distinguishes NRZI from NRZ mark. Even thoughr, even NRZI can have long series of zeros (ones if transitioning on o), so clock recovery can be difficult unless some form of run length limited coding is used on top. Magnetic disk and tape generally uses fixed rate RLL codes while USB uses bit stuffing, which is more efficient, but results in a variable data rate it takes lower levelto send a long string of 1 bits over USB than it does to send a long string of 0 bits. Return-to-zero The binary signal is encoded using rectangular pulse amplitude modulation with polar return-to-zero code Return-to-zero (RZ) describes a line code used in telecommunications signals in which the signal drops (returns) to zero between each pulse. Returns to zero modulation formats are becoming increasingly popular for long-haul optical fiber transmission systems at bit rates of 10 Gb/s and above. Previously, the benefits of RZ formats were often overlooked, because they require larger bandwidth than non-return-to-zero (NRZ) formats, and their generation typically requires two cascaded Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulators. In recent years, it has been shown that RZ can have superior performance over NRZ in certain regimes where chromatic dispersion and fiber nonlinearities are present [2]-[4], as the RZ pulse may exhibit soliton-like properties. In addition, RZ has greater tolerance to polarization-mode dispersion than NRZ Recent research has compared the performance of RZ with different modulation techniques, including binary ON-OFF keying (OOK) and binary differential phase-shift keying (2-DPSK ) RZ pulses are frequently generated by driving an MZ modulator by a sinusoidal drive waveform; we assume throughout this paper that RZ pulses are generated in this manner. We define the pulse duty cycle as TFWHM/TS, where TFWHM is the pulsewidth (full-width at half-maximum intensity), and TS is the symbol duration. Depending on the drive waveform amplitude and bias, RZ pulses can have duty cycles of 33%, 50%, and 67%. In particular, 67% RZ is often referred to as carrier-suppressed RZ (CSRZ). Biphase mark code: The biphase mark code is a type of encoding format for binary data streams. When a binary data stream is sent without modification via a channel, there can be long series of logical ones or zeros without any transitions which makes clock recovery and synchronization difficult. Streams encoded in NRZ are affected by the same problem. Using biphase mark code makes synchronization easier by ensuring that there is at least one transition on the channel between every data bit; in this way it behaves much like the Manchester code scheme. Every bit of the original data is represented as two logical states which, together, form a bit. Every logical 1 in the input is represented as two different bits (10 or 01) in the output. The input logical 0 is represented as two equal bits (00 or 11) in the output. Every logical level at the start of a cell is inversion of the level at the end of the previous cell. In BMC output the logical 1 and 0 are represented with the same voltage amplitude but opposite polarities, as shown in the following image: These coding provides a better results there is a change in the polarity at the minimum every two bits. That is not need to know the polarity of the sent signal since the information is not kept in the actual values of the voltage but in their change: in other words it does not matter whether a logical 1 or 0 is received.At last BMC code signal has 0 average DC voltage, therefore decreasing the necessary sending power and also reduces the electromagnetic disturbance generated by the transmission line. All these + aspects are achieved at the expense of doubling clock frequency. Manchester encoding: Manchester encoding offers distinct advantages over other digital encoding schemes. It has become a popular standard for low-cost radio frequency communication of digital data. In reality, Manchester encoding was the result of research done at the University of Manchester into phase modulation techniques used for reading and writing digital data onto a magnetic storage device. Since that time, Manchester encoding has gained wide acceptance as the modulation scheme for low-cost radio-frequency transmission of digital data. One of the most significant characteristics of Manchester encoding is its unique way of representing digital data. Rather than representing data Construction of Manchester-encoded data: Manchester encoding is very easy to construct. You simply combine the serial bits to be encoded with the clock running at the bit-boundary rate When you compare the Manchester-encoded output with the bit stream, youll see the same waveform. Decoding Manchester-encoded Data Decoding Manchester-encoded data is as easy as encoding it. You simply perform an exclusive-OR of the Manchester encoded signal with a logical 1 at the bit-boundary sample points, as shown in Fig. Differential Manchester encoding: A more esoteric version of Manchester encoding is a scheme called Differential Manchester encoding (DME). Think of it as Manchester encoding on steroids. DME is a more efficient encoding scheme because it requires less bandwidth than standard Manchester encoding. The overhead of transmitting a data stream using DME is less because it doesnt require a preamble, which is used by the DPLL to lock onto the clock frequency. Because of this, DME can be found in networks, such as fast Ethernet over copper twisted-pair wiring. DME differs from standard Manchester encoding in one simple way: Manchester encoding represents binary data based on a positive or negative edge transition at each bit boundary. DME represents data by the presence or absence of a transition between two bit boundaries. Simply stated, if a transition occurs between a bit boundary, its represented as a binary 0. An absence of a transition signifies a binary 1. As a complement to this reintroduction to the basics of Manche ster encoding for lowbit serial network applications, a second article is available online at Embedded.com. The article will leverage from the theory presented here and offer a practical, real-world example that illustrates the simplicity of implementing Manchester encoding into a real embedded design. AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion) encode format : AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion) is a synchronous clock encoding technique which uses bipolar pulses to represent logical 1 values. It is therefore a three level system. A logical 0 is represented by no symbol, and a logical 1 by pulses of alternating polarity. The alternating coding prevents the build-up of a d.c. voltage level down the cable. This is considered an advantage since the cable may be used to carry a small d.c. current to power intermediate equipment such as line repeaters. AMI coding was used extensively in first generation PCM networks, but suffers the drawback that a long run of 0s produces no transitions in the data stream (and therefore does not contain sufficient transitions to guarantee lock of a DPLL). Successful transmission therefore relies on the user not wishing to send long runs of 0s and this type of encoding is not therefore transparent to the sequence of bits being sent. The HDB3 encoding scheme is one of many which have been developed to provide regular transitions irrespective of the pattern of data being carried. Example of AMI encoding The pattern of bits 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 encodes to + 0 0 0 0 + (the corresponding encoding using HDB3 is + 0 0 0 + + ). High Density Bipolar Order 3 Encoding: The HDB3 code is a bipolar signaling technique (i.e. relies on the transmission of both positive and negative pulses). It is based on Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI), but extends this by inserting violation codes whenever there is a run of 4 or more 0s. This and similar (more complex) codes have replaced AMI in modern distribution networks. Conclusion: The Digital signal formats are the techniques by which we uses the digital data in different formats for uses of different purposes. It is mostly used as wide applications in communication fields. Although digital representations are discrete, the information represented can be either discrete, such as numbers, letters or icons, or continuous, such as sounds, images, and other measurements of continuous systems by using these different encoding or digital formats techniques. Refrences: website links: http://www.docstoc.com/doccash/signup/?doc_id=2507650 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/encoding_format_(digital) http://pdfdatabase.com/index.php?q=signal+formats+in+digitalfiletype=2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-return-to-zero http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_encoding http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse473-05/ftp/i_5cod/sld006.htm http://www.tpub.com/neets/tm/112-2.htm http://www.osun.org/alternate+mark+inversion+encoding-doc.html Books: Computer Networks and data communication by Frauzan. Computer networks by J.s katre (tech-max publisher) Signals and system by Sanjay Sharma.

Sonnets 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16, and 17 :: Sonnet essays

Sonnets 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16, and 17 The first 17 sonnets are addressed to a young man of exceptional beauty who is encouraged to father children. What is striking about this series is that there are exactly 17 sonnets that are all centred on encouraging the young man to marry and father children. Seventeen is an unusual and distinctive number that seems to indicate its own significance. The content of the sonnets shows no evidence of input to them from outside of the author during their development: no questions are answered, there is no change of direction in response to any feedback from the subject, they appear to be a preset series issued together. The deliberate intent of these sonnets and the fact that a sonnet itself conforms to regular numbering schemes also suggests that the series containing precisely 17 is not accidental. The encouragement of a person to marry and father children is an unusual theme, if not unique, in the world of Elizabethan poetry. That the author himself should have been personally motivated to invest such time and effort and have the temerity to do such a thing strikes me as extremely unlikely. In an age of commissioned poetic works, this series of sonnets being commissioned from the author by another party seems to be the most plausible scenario by which such a poetic work could only come about. The series betrays a lack of understanding of why the subject fails to marry and have children of his own accord: Sonnet 3 asks what fair woman would not welcome the opportunity of being the subject's wife: "For where is she so fair whose uneared womb Disdains the tillage of thy husbandry?" and what man would willingly fail to leave children: "Or who is he so fond will be the tomb Of his self-love to stop posterity?" Sonnet 4 asks why the subject does not continue his legacy of beauty: "Unthrifty loveliness, why dost thou spend Upon thyself thy beauty's legacy?" and why he fails to pass on his beauty in the form of children: "Then, beauteous niggard, why dost thou abuse The bounteous largess given thee to give?" and what he will leave behind him when has died:

Passion for Baseball

â€Å"What is one thing you are passionate about, and why? † Around this time in September, thirteen years ago, I saw a beautiful event happen. I was sitting in front of the small television in my living room and I witnessed Mike Piazza hit a homerun in Shea Stadium. At that moment, I was hooked for life. The game of baseball is rich in history and full of legends, yet is still accessible to almost anyone on this planet. For me, baseball is more than a game; it's a lifestyle.I began playing T-ball at the raw age of six years old and advanced to a new level of play every year. My passion for baseball flowed through my body more and more as I dvanced to new levels of play. However, being on the field was not the only place that cemented my love for America's pastime. In fact, the front of my TV actually influenced me a lot. I would watch almost every depressing Met's game and sit in front of my computer playing two-dimensional Backyard Baseball 2003.Thank god my brother shares m y enthusiasm or who knows what sport I would be playing right now. Year after year, there is something special about baseball that has kept me fascinated. I think there are many reasons why baseball captivates millions of people around the world. I think one of the reasons is that baseball is an eerily perfect game. How did the inventors of baseball know that 90 feet between each base was the perfect length? There are countless plays that come down to a matter of inches.Baseball is often referred to as â€Å"the game of inches† because a matter of inches can be the difference between being safe or out, or even a win or loss. Another reason I like baseball is because I truly believe it brings people together. Just think about twelve years ago today (September 1 1, 2011). Planes crashed into iconic buildings in New York City and Washington D. C. When baseball started back up again, guess who was there to throw out the first pitch in Yankees Stadium? Our president, George W. Bus h. He threw an impeccable strike and the crowd went wild.Through all of the grieving and horror of that week, New York had something to cheer for again. I still get chills Just thinking about that special day. It's magical moments like that, that make baseball so extraordinary. Baseball is often referred to as â€Å"America's Pastime†. I really like that saying because baseball is engrained in America's history. I think its funny that baseball almost has a history as vast as the United States. The idea of playing catch in the backyard or going out to the ballpark with your family is etched into my idea of America†.As a kid that loves the idea of America, it seems fitting that baseball is part of my life. The history is another aspect that keeps me playing. Abner Doubleday first adapted baseball from the British game, â€Å"Rounders†. From then on, baseball has evolved into the modern game that I have grown to love. When I visited the Baseball Hall of Fame, I real ized how important the history was. Every time I step on a baseball field, I think about the other people hat have stepped on a similar field in the past.I think of heroes like Jackie Robinson and Ty Cobb, but I also think of soldiers in World War II that continued to play overseas. I feel honored Just to think that I am playing the same game that they myself not playing baseball and it makes me nauseous Just thinking about it. Like I said, baseball is part of my lifestyle. Even shopping for baseball pants or cleats gets me excited. During my lifetime, I guarantee that I will flip on the TV every morning and watch the highlights of every game, Just like I did as a kid. My passion for baseball will never stop running through my veins.

Library Management System

Case study Computer Science Departmental Library By MERCY OKEOWO 08710007 FOR THE Award of Ordinary National Diploma In COMPUTER SCIENCE Of MOSHOOD ABIOLA POLYTECHNIC Abstracts Library management system is an aspect or branch of information management system that keeps the records of both the library users, books in the library and the activities that is going on in the library, activities like borrowing books and returning books. Information management in general is the collection and management of information from one or more source and distribution of the information to one or more audience.This sometimes involves those who a stake in or right to that information. Management means the organization of and control over the structure, processing, and delivery of information. In short information management entails organizing retrieving acquiring and maintaining information. It is closely related to and overlapping with the practice of data management. A good library manager must be a ble to take of the following activities in the library; †¢ Keep records of books in the library. †¢ Keep records of the library user. Keep track of books borrowed by any library user. †¢ Keep record of time a library user borrowed and return books. †¢ Do the following analysis after each day for decision making purpose ? Analysis of book borrowed by per day. ?Analysis of the type of book people requested for per day. ? Analysis of the author people read his/her book most per day. All the above analysis is needed due to the following reasons. ? To get the type of books people read most in the library to avoid congestion. To get the type of books from a particular author which people read most in the library so as to avoid congestion. INTRODUCTION Background to the study Information for the modern institution is a resource parallel in importance to land, and other factors of production. It is very vital and a prices less resources. For centuries, man has tried to c ollate, store, process and retrieve information and most importantly analysis of the data before distribute or communicate it by the available fast test mean.It follows, therefore that man has tried various ways and methods to record analyse and disseminate information in his attempts to proffer solution to low security of data, effective data communication, effective data analysis and lot more. Information therefore is data that have been processed into meaningful and usable form, and it contains knowledge that reduces uncertainly in particular situation and it is mostly useful in decision making. But unfortunately most people in this country do not have effective means of information management; the departmental library is a typical example of such.About The Old System Library is a place where books are kept are kept for student lecturers to come and read or borrow to their various home for reading, for the security of these books record of library user are needed to kept likewise record of available books in library are also needed to kept. The most important part of it is that the library attendant must keep record of who borrows and type of book some one borrowed along with the time in order to keep track of the book in library.For the improvement of library or updating of the library book, statistic or read and unread books are needed top kept so as to know which book to get more into the library, also to know which author the students or lecturer like to read their books and lot more. All the above activities are done manually; that is it involves someone writing down the name of the library users and list of books in the library, even to the extents of counting the number a book is read which can be in inaccurate which also exposes the book to risk of missing.The most disgusting thing is searching through the shelf for books to read which is done by manual library catalogue, this alone can discourage student from reading books in library where we have large number of books. Problem Statement and Motivation What motivated me to embark on this project is due to the following problem that is faced by the Computer Science Department Library. †¢ Searching through the library shelf for books to read will be boring and may not be encouraging. Searching through the record book to validate a library user may also be boring for the library keeper. †¢ Keeping tracks of borrowed books with the library user that borrowed it may not accurate which can lead to loss of books in the library. †¢ Conducting the analysis of books people read per day, analysis of author people read his/books per day may be difficult and inaccurate which affect the decision making of the library managers. †¢ Backing up of files or records may be very difficult because it can lead to repetitive task. Objective of the ResearchThe main objective of this research is to develop software (library Management Software) for the computer science department l ibrary which will be capable of managing the student information (library users) and the books in the library. The research is aimed at achieving the following objectives; †¢ To keep record of register student (library users). †¢ To improve the consistency of the information in the library. †¢ To improve the way analysis of books are conducted. †¢ To improve the security of information in the library. METHODOLOGY Information gatheringI gathered all the information above information by conducting an interview for the student (library user) and the library keeper. I chose to use java for developing the interfaces of the software and the database connectivity due to the following reasons; †¢ Java is platform independent programming language that can run on any type of operating system. †¢ Java is network programming language that can access over a network. †¢ Java is fast in execution. I have chose Microsoft Access Database for the database because of it flexibility and it easy access. Library Management System Case study Computer Science Departmental Library By MERCY OKEOWO 08710007 FOR THE Award of Ordinary National Diploma In COMPUTER SCIENCE Of MOSHOOD ABIOLA POLYTECHNIC Abstracts Library management system is an aspect or branch of information management system that keeps the records of both the library users, books in the library and the activities that is going on in the library, activities like borrowing books and returning books. Information management in general is the collection and management of information from one or more source and distribution of the information to one or more audience.This sometimes involves those who a stake in or right to that information. Management means the organization of and control over the structure, processing, and delivery of information. In short information management entails organizing retrieving acquiring and maintaining information. It is closely related to and overlapping with the practice of data management. A good library manager must be a ble to take of the following activities in the library; †¢ Keep records of books in the library. †¢ Keep records of the library user. Keep track of books borrowed by any library user. †¢ Keep record of time a library user borrowed and return books. †¢ Do the following analysis after each day for decision making purpose ? Analysis of book borrowed by per day. ?Analysis of the type of book people requested for per day. ? Analysis of the author people read his/her book most per day. All the above analysis is needed due to the following reasons. ? To get the type of books people read most in the library to avoid congestion. To get the type of books from a particular author which people read most in the library so as to avoid congestion. INTRODUCTION Background to the study Information for the modern institution is a resource parallel in importance to land, and other factors of production. It is very vital and a prices less resources. For centuries, man has tried to c ollate, store, process and retrieve information and most importantly analysis of the data before distribute or communicate it by the available fast test mean.It follows, therefore that man has tried various ways and methods to record analyse and disseminate information in his attempts to proffer solution to low security of data, effective data communication, effective data analysis and lot more. Information therefore is data that have been processed into meaningful and usable form, and it contains knowledge that reduces uncertainly in particular situation and it is mostly useful in decision making. But unfortunately most people in this country do not have effective means of information management; the departmental library is a typical example of such.About The Old System Library is a place where books are kept are kept for student lecturers to come and read or borrow to their various home for reading, for the security of these books record of library user are needed to kept likewise record of available books in library are also needed to kept. The most important part of it is that the library attendant must keep record of who borrows and type of book some one borrowed along with the time in order to keep track of the book in library.For the improvement of library or updating of the library book, statistic or read and unread books are needed top kept so as to know which book to get more into the library, also to know which author the students or lecturer like to read their books and lot more. All the above activities are done manually; that is it involves someone writing down the name of the library users and list of books in the library, even to the extents of counting the number a book is read which can be in inaccurate which also exposes the book to risk of missing.The most disgusting thing is searching through the shelf for books to read which is done by manual library catalogue, this alone can discourage student from reading books in library where we have large number of books. Problem Statement and Motivation What motivated me to embark on this project is due to the following problem that is faced by the Computer Science Department Library. †¢ Searching through the library shelf for books to read will be boring and may not be encouraging. Searching through the record book to validate a library user may also be boring for the library keeper. †¢ Keeping tracks of borrowed books with the library user that borrowed it may not accurate which can lead to loss of books in the library. †¢ Conducting the analysis of books people read per day, analysis of author people read his/books per day may be difficult and inaccurate which affect the decision making of the library managers. †¢ Backing up of files or records may be very difficult because it can lead to repetitive task. Objective of the ResearchThe main objective of this research is to develop software (library Management Software) for the computer science department l ibrary which will be capable of managing the student information (library users) and the books in the library. The research is aimed at achieving the following objectives; †¢ To keep record of register student (library users). †¢ To improve the consistency of the information in the library. †¢ To improve the way analysis of books are conducted. †¢ To improve the security of information in the library. METHODOLOGY Information gatheringI gathered all the information above information by conducting an interview for the student (library user) and the library keeper. I chose to use java for developing the interfaces of the software and the database connectivity due to the following reasons; †¢ Java is platform independent programming language that can run on any type of operating system. †¢ Java is network programming language that can access over a network. †¢ Java is fast in execution. I have chose Microsoft Access Database for the database because of it flexibility and it easy access.